Brazilian Viper and BP Control.

Molecular phylogeography of the nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes, Linnaeus (1758)): evidence for high genetic diversity and multiple refugia in the Balkan peninsula.

The nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes) occurs in a large part of the south-eastern Europe and Asia Minor. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed for a total of 59 specimens using sequences from three mitochondrial regions (16S and cytochrome b genes, and control region, totalling 2308 bp). A considerable number of clades were observed within this species, showing a large genetic divers...

Atherosclerosis and acute arterial thrombosis in rabbits: a model using balloon desendothelization without dietary intervention.

Acute thrombosis can be induced in rabbits by a triggering protocol using Russell's viper venom and histamine given after 8 months of a 1% cholesterol diet and balloon desendothelization. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that aortic desendothelization performed 4 months before the triggering protocol without a high cholesterol diet is a highly effective and less expensive way of p...

Protobothrops mangshanensis bite: first clinical report of envenoming and its treatment.

AIM This case report presents envenoming by the Chinese pit viper Protobothrops mangshanensis (formerly Zhaoermia) and its treatment. METHODS A 38 year old snake breeder suffered two-fang bites to elbow by a Chinese pit viper Protobothrops mangshanensis resulting in local edema of the affected arm. No other signs of envenoming appeared. On the 5(th) day following the bite a hematoma developed...

Pulmonary hemorrhage and the management following Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii) envenoming in Sri Lanka

The short interspersed repetitive element of Trypanosoma cruzi, SIRE, is part of VIPER, an unusual retroelement related to long terminal repeat retrotransposons.

The short interspersed repetitive element (SIRE) of Trypanosoma cruzi was first detected when comparing the sequences of loci that encode the TcP2beta genes. It is present in about 1,500-3,000 copies per genome, depending on the strain, and it is distributed in all chromosomes. An initial analysis of SIRE sequences from 21 genomic fragments allowed us to derive a consensus nucleotide sequence a...